Sources and method
In short
The information on Atom follows scientific consensus. Dates are rounded estimates; debated points are marked in the text as “possibly” or “according to one view”.
Last updated:
Method
- Dates are scientific estimates, rounded for readability (e.g. 13.8 billion years instead of 13.787 ± 0.020 billion for the age of the universe).
- Questions science has not settled (how life began, where Earth's water came from, where gold formed) are marked in the text with words like “possibly”, “thought to” or “debated”.
- Cosmic calendar dates are calculated from the real dates on this site: the Big Bang at 00:00 on 1 January, today at 24:00 on 31 December.
- The atom count uses the body composition by mass found in most textbooks; the result is an approximation that varies from person to person.
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Universe and stars
Solar System and Earth
Life and humans
Materials and metals
- Banded iron formation
- Hematite
- Meteoric iron
- Iron Age
- Bessemer process
- World Steel in Figures (worldsteel)
- How much gold has been mined? (World Gold Council)
- Varna Necropolis
- Çayönü
- Petroleum
- Rutherford model
- Periyodik tablo
- Nonmetal
- Metalloid
- Noble gas
- Argon
- Cosmic ray spallation
- Gasoline
- Combustion
- Exhaust gas
- Fractional distillation
- Petroleum geology
- Carbon cycle